Wellness scholarship during this decade coalesced around a socio-ecological paradigm that treats well-being as a product of autonomous motivation, basic psychological needs, cultural context, and social relationships within broader environmental systems. Researchers emphasized integration of physical, psychological, and social well-being, often employing longitudinal designs and life-course perspectives to trace wellness trajectories over time. Methodological advances favored holistic assessment tools and the translation of wellness concepts into clinical practice and community-level prevention.